International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research http://ijaprs.com/index.php/ijapr <div align="justify"> <p class="para1"><strong>International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research (IJAPR)</strong>&nbsp;is an international peer reviewed Monthly open access Online and Print journal. The aim of the journal is to increase the impact of research in both academic and industry, with strong emphasis on quality and originality. The journal promotes to publish the articles in the field of&nbsp;<strong>Ayurveda, Siddha, Yoga, Naturopathy, Unani, Homeopathy and Allopathy</strong>&nbsp;systems of medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences. Researchers may submit (1). Original Research Articles (2). Review articles (3). Book Reviews (4). Short Communications/ Research Letter (5). Case Report (6). Letter to the Editor/Correspondence.</p> </div> International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research en-US International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research 2322-0902 Formulation and In Vitro Evaluation of Gabapentin Controlled Release Tablets Using Natural Polymers http://ijaprs.com/index.php/ijapr/article/view/3748 <p>This research set out to find the best way to use various grades of controlled-release polymer. To create a new one that would be just as effective as the original, but cheaper, and of better quality. The dosage form was designed using Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC K15MCR) as matrix builders. Research on the compatibility of medication and polymer was carried out. The flowability of the powder blend was optimized after studying the blend. Uniformity Compressing free-flowing powder directly into tablet form was the method of choice. They were successfully combined with the HPMC, MCC, and DCP networks. In order to compare different dissolution characteristics, we also presented the mean dissolving time. Clinical trials have shown that controlled-release gabapentin tablets are formulated by direct compression outperforms its immediate-release counterparts in terms of therapeutic efficacy<em>.</em></p> V. Sruthi V. Alagarsamy P. Subhash Chandra Bose D. Saritha P. Srikanth Reddy Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2025-07-07 2025-07-07 1 10 10.47070/ijapr.v13i6.3748 Ayurvedic Management of a Large Cystic Thyroid Nodule http://ijaprs.com/index.php/ijapr/article/view/3729 <p>A thyroid nodule is a very common palpable swelling in the thyroid gland. About 95% of thyroid nodules are benign in nature. Thyroid nodules require assessment using suitable diagnostic tests and imaging techniques. Any nodule greater than 1cm should be biopsied to check for malignancy. Thyroid nodules occur more frequently in women than men. Here, presenting a case of a lady with a large cystic thyroid nodule in the left lobe, managed under the outpatient department. She presented with rapidly increasing swelling in her neck associated with pressure symptoms and spasming of hands and legs for 4 days. She was prescribed a combination of <em>Varanadi Kashaya, Punnarnavadi Kashaya, Kanchanara Guggulu, Chandraprabha Vati</em> and <em>Gokshura Choorna</em> internally and <em>Karutta Vattu</em> for external application. By the first follow-up itself (after 10 days), the patient felt symptomatic relief. Investigations repeated after 50 days showed considerable change in the size of the cystic nodule. Similarly, there is cosmetic resolution of the swelling at the 50<sup>th</sup> day follow up which is evident from the photographs provided<em>.</em></p> Vrinda Aravind V K V Balakrishnan Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2025-07-07 2025-07-07 11 15 10.47070/ijapr.v13i6.3729 A Conceptual Study of Agya Chakra and its Neuro-Anatomical Correlation in Modern Science http://ijaprs.com/index.php/ijapr/article/view/3749 <p>This paper aims to illuminate the parallels between the <em>Agya Chakra</em>, the sixth energy center among the <em>Shad</em> <em>chakras</em> (six main <em>Chakras</em>) described in Yogic traditions- particularly its structures with modern neuro-anatomy. In Yogic philosophy, <em>Chakras</em> are the dynamic centers or vortices of <em>Pranic</em> energy, each located at specific points within the body. They regulate the flow of <em>Prana</em> (life force energy), thereby influencing both structural integrity and physiological processes. When activated through various Yogic practices, these <em>Chakras</em> help modulate psychophysiological functions. Each <em>Chakra</em> is traditionally associated with distinct neuronal plexuses and sub-plexuses, which correspond to specific internal organs and their physiological roles. Focusing on the <em>Agya Chakra</em>, located between the eyebrows, the study integrates classical yogic descriptions with contemporary anatomical knowledge. Based on the position, structure, and functional attributes described in Yogic literature, a strong correlation is observed between the <em>Agya</em> <em>Chakra</em> and the hypothalamic nuclei along with associated neural plexuses. To validate this correlation, a cadaveric study was conducted, which further supported the anatomical resemblance between the <em>Agya Chakra</em> and the hypothalamus and its neural networks. The findings suggest that the <em>Agya Chakra</em> can be interpreted as a symbolic representation of the hypothalamic region within the framework of integrative anatomy<em>.</em></p> Karishma Joshi Madhavi Goswami Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2025-07-07 2025-07-07 16 19 10.47070/ijapr.v13i6.3749 Efficacy of Selected Ayurvedic Treatment Protocol Against Standard Ayurvedic Protocol in the Management of Meniscal Injuries- A Randomised Controlled Non-Inferiority Trial http://ijaprs.com/index.php/ijapr/article/view/3750 <p>Meniscal tears are the second most common knee injuries which may lead to chronic pain, reduced mobility, and a higher risk of osteoarthritis if untreated. It may be correlated with <em>Bhagna </em>in ayurveda. <em>Sushrutacharya</em>, in <em>Bhagna chikitsa</em>, recommends <em>Bandhana</em> and <em>Snehaseka</em> for <em>Janu Bhagna</em>, followed by rehabilitative exercises. <strong>Methodology:</strong> This study aimed to compare the efficacy of a selected Ayurvedic protocol with a standard treatment protocol in MRI-confirmed meniscal injuries. 24 participants were randomly divided into two groups of 12 in each group and treated for 35 days at VPSV Ayurveda College, Kottakkal. Assessments were done on Day 0 and Day 35, with a follow-up after one month. Both groups received <em>Bandhana </em>for 3 weeks. The study group underwent<em> Shashtika Taila Seka</em> and exercises, while the control group received <em>Dhanwantara Taila seka</em>, <em>Shashtika Pinda Sveda</em>, and <em>Matravasti</em> for 2 weeks. Internal medications such as <em>Dhanwantara Kashaya</em>, <em>Lakshaguggulu Vati</em>, and <em>Gandha Taila </em>were given to both groups. <strong>Results:</strong> Statistical analysis showed improvement in both groups, with the study group showing slightly better symptom relief. The mean difference between the study and control groups was tested for non-inferiority using one-sided t-test and study group was found to be non-inferior. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The selected Ayurvedic protocol was found non-inferior to the standard Ayurvedic protocol in managing meniscal tears and improving quality of life.</p> Mrudula P.N Rejani H. Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2025-07-07 2025-07-07 20 26 10.47070/ijapr.v13i6.3750 Zingiber Officinale Rosc. (Shunthi): A Crossroad of Tradition and Modern Pharmacology http://ijaprs.com/index.php/ijapr/article/view/3751 <p><strong>Objective: </strong>This article aims to reveal the ancient classical uses of <em>Shunthi</em> for maintaining better health and management of various health illnesses. <strong>Data Source:</strong> The data on <em>Shunthi</em> (dried ginger) has been systematically gathered from authoritative Ayurvedic classical texts, including <em>Samhitas</em> and <em>Nighantus</em>, as well as from reputable scientific sources such as PubMed and Google Scholar. <strong>Review Methods: </strong>This article reveals the ancient resourcefulness behind the therapeutic uses of <em>Shunthi</em> from traditional system of medicine to contemporary science. The traditional uses of <em>Shunthi</em> confirms the ayurvedic principles described in Ayurvedic classical texts from Vedic era to till. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this review work, it was found that <em>Shunthi</em> overcomes various diseases related to immune system, digestive system, nervous system and circulatory system. Different herbal, herbomineral and polyherbal formulations of <em>Shunthi</em> have used to maintain the health of individual<em>.</em></p> Goldi Singh Premlata Pooja Chaurasiya Anil Kumar Singh Poonam Sharma Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2025-07-07 2025-07-07 27 37 10.47070/ijapr.v13i6.3751 Maricha (Piper Nigrum Linn.): An Integrative Review of Ayurvedic Perspectives and Modern Pharmacological Insights http://ijaprs.com/index.php/ijapr/article/view/3743 <p><strong>Background</strong>: Piper nigrum Linn. <em>(Maricha),</em> commonly known as black pepper, is a prominent spice in Ayurvedic pharmacopeia known for its <em>Deepana</em> (appetizing), <em>Pachana</em> (digestive), and <em>Krimighna</em> (anthelmintic) properties. Scientific research increasingly supports its traditional use in treating metabolic, respiratory, and gastrointestinal disorders. <strong>Objective</strong>: This study presents a comprehensive review of the Ayurvedic significance, classical references, phytochemical composition, and pharmacological activities of <em>Maricha</em>, aiming to bridge traditional wisdom with modern scientific validation. <strong>Methods</strong>: Extensive literature was reviewed from classical Ayurvedic texts, including <em>Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Bhavaprakasha Nighantu</em>, and modern pharmacological research indexed in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The phytoconstituents and pharmacological activities were analyzed and summarized based on experimental and clinical findings. <strong>Results</strong>: Piper nigrum contains alkaloids (notably piperine), essential oils (sabinene, limonene), flavonoids (quercetin, catechin), and minerals. It exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial, lipid-lowering, immunomodulatory, and insecticidal properties. These findings support its use in managing lifestyle disorders and microbial infections. Its classical indications correlate well with its modern pharmacological activities. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: The integration of classical Ayurvedic understanding with recent pharmacological evidence highlights the therapeutic versatility of <em>Maricha</em>. It holds potential for development into multi-target phytopharmaceutical agents, especially in metabolic and inflammatory diseases<em>.</em></p> Shubham Khandekar B.Ram Premlata Ekta Shrivastava Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2025-07-07 2025-07-07 38 47 10.47070/ijapr.v13i6.3743 Effect of Wet Cupping Therapy (Raktamoksha) in the Management of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Pre-Post Test Design http://ijaprs.com/index.php/ijapr/article/view/3752 <p><strong>Background and objective:</strong> Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) affects approximately 4.25% of the global adult population, with women aged 30–60 years having a threefold higher risk compared to men. CTS primarily manifests as pain, tingling, numbness, and paraesthesia in the thumb, index, middle, and lateral half of the ring finger, with nocturnal exacerbation often relieved by shaking the hands. If untreated, CTS may cause permanent median nerve damage, leading to irreversible numbness, thumb deformity, and muscle atrophy. While surgical interventions provide symptom relief, they carry risks of recurrence, intraoperative complications, and wrist instability. This study aimed to evaluate <em>Raktamokṣa</em> by cupping therapy as a potential alternative or adjunctive treatment for CTS. <strong>Methodology:</strong> A single-group pre-post-test design was conducted at AVCH Kottakkal with 30 CTS-diagnosed participants. Wet cupping therapy was administered on day 1 and day 16. Assessments were done on days 1, 8, 16, 25, and 45 using the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire and clinical signs and symptoms. Data were analyzed using Friedman test, McNemar test, and Wilcoxon Signed Rank test. <strong>Results and discussion:</strong> Wet cupping therapy significantly reduced CTS signs and symptoms (p &lt; 0.05). However, no significant changes were observed in nerve conduction velocity studies. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Wet cupping therapy in two sittings showed statistically significant improvement in CTS symptoms, supporting the rejection of the null hypothesis and acceptance of the alternative hypothesis regarding its efficacy.</p> Shakkira N Sunitha P V Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2025-07-07 2025-07-07 48 61 10.47070/ijapr.v13i6.3752 Integrating Ayurveda into Addiction Medicine: A Pilot Trial of Ksheerbala Taila Nasya for Nicotine De-Addiction http://ijaprs.com/index.php/ijapr/article/view/3753 <p>Commonly found in tobacco derivatives, nicotine is one of the most common forms of addiction in today’s world. With growing dependency on nicotine irrespective of gender or standard of living humans are exposed towards basic to most fatal diseases. According to WHO- global health report, one-fourth (24.9%) of the population including both sexes are nicotine dependent, 40.3% men and 9.5% women. Although there have been many attempts on nicotine de-addiction trials most have failed or relapsed. In this study 10 nicotine dependent individuals were randomly selected from OPD. They were given <em>Nasya</em> therapy with <em>Ksheerbala</em> oil (10 drops each nostril) followed by <em>Tikshna Snaihika Dhumapana</em> after <em>Mukha Abhyanga</em> with <em>Tila taila</em> and <em>Vastra Swedana</em> for a period of 7 days in indoor department with <em>Pratimarsha Nasya</em> (2 drops each nostril) of same oil in the next 7 days. All the 10 cases showed marked decrease in nicotine dependence with highly significant p-value of 0.0019. Nicotine being highly addictive is an anxiolytic drug affecting synaptic junctions of central nervous system. <em>Nasya</em> one of the five <em>Karmas</em> of <em>Panchakarma</em>, is a simple procedure that can be done on OPD basis giving admirable results in de-addiction<em>.</em></p> Nayek Amrita Barik Shawan Mukherjee Pallabi Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2025-07-07 2025-07-07 62 66 10.47070/ijapr.v13i6.3753 Standardization and Analytical Profiling of Shirashooladi Vajra Rasa: A Comparative Study with Marketed Samples http://ijaprs.com/index.php/ijapr/article/view/3754 <p><em>Shirahshooladi</em> <em>vajra</em> <em>rasa</em> is a potent mercurial preparation widely used in the treatment of <em>Shirahshoola</em> (headache). It consists of processed mercury and sulphur, incinerated copper and iron along with other herbal ingredients like <em>Triphala</em>, <em>Yastimadhu</em>, <em>Pippali</em>, <em>Shunthi</em>, <em>Vidanga</em>,<em> Dashamula </em>and <em>Guggulu</em>. This formulation is enriched with <em>Vatashamaka</em> (mitigates <em>Vata dosha</em>) herbs like <em>Dashamula</em>, <em>Guggulu</em> etc. <strong>Aim and objective:</strong> This study aims at developing standard manufacturing procedure (SMP) and analytical parameters of <em>Shirahshooladi</em> <em>vajra</em> <em>rasa</em> along with analysis of its available marketed samples. <strong>Methodology: </strong>The formulation was prepared in three batches to standardize its pharmaceutical processing. Also, six other available different samples of the <em>Shirashooladi vajra rasa</em> were collected from market and all the seven samples were assessed for quality control parameters to compare their quality. <strong>Observations &amp; Result: </strong>All the quality control parameters conducted for inhouse and marketed samples were not similar, some variations were found. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The average yield obtained from three batches is 99.1%. Analytically, slight variation was observed among all the samples<em>.</em></p> Ganesh Ananda Tambe Sakshi Badyal Pramod Yadav Pradeep Kumar Prajapati Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2025-07-07 2025-07-07 67 74 10.47070/ijapr.v13i6.3754 Ayurvedic Management of Female Androgenetic Alopecia (Khalitya) http://ijaprs.com/index.php/ijapr/article/view/3755 <p>Androgenetic Alopecia (AGA), or pattern baldness, is a common form of non-scarring hair loss primarily affecting the scalp, with a higher incidence in males. Genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors contribute to its pathogenesis. AGA significantly impacts psychological well-being. Conventional treatments like minoxidil, finasteride, and corticosteroids offer temporary benefits but are associated with adverse effects and recurrence of symptoms, prompting the need for safer alternatives. <strong>Methods: </strong>A 32-year-old female presented in November 2024 with gradual vertex hair loss and a SALT score of 28%. She was treated for one month with <em>Jalaukavacharana</em> (leech therapy), external application of <em>Shirolepa </em>(herbal paste), and internal <em>Rasayana</em> (rejuvenative) medications. <strong>Result: </strong>By the end of treatment, the patient showed visible improvement in scalp condition and hair density, with the SALT score reducing to 12%. <strong>Discussion: </strong>The classical Ayurvedic approach effectively managed AGA by enhancing blood circulation and follicular nourishment, offering a safe and holistic alternative to modern therapies<em>.</em></p> Varsha. V Palak Sisir Kumar Mandal Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2025-07-07 2025-07-07 75 80 10.47070/ijapr.v13i6.3755 Critical Appraisal of Lakshanaskandha of Bruhat-Tryaee with special reference to Pandu http://ijaprs.com/index.php/ijapr/article/view/3725 <p><em>Lakshanas</em> (symptoms and signs) are the backbone of clinical practice, whether in the form of physiological or pathological condition<em>,</em> in context of diagnosis or treatment one need to rely on the manifested symptoms only. Here it is very much important to understand pathophysiology of Pandu in different given context to understand seriousness of the condition and to plan the treatment accordingly. <strong>Materials and Methods: </strong>Mainly <em>Bruhattrayee</em> i.e., <em>Charaka Sahmita, Sushruta Sahmita </em>and <em>Ashtanga Hridaya</em> with its well-known commentary was selected as main text and <em>Pandu</em> has been searched. <strong>Results:</strong> It appears 23 times in <em>Charaka Samhita</em>, 21 times in <em>Sushruta Samhita</em>, and 8 times in<em> Ashtanga Hrudaya</em>. In the context of clinical signs and symptoms, references to <em>Pandu</em> were identified as follows: 2 instances as <em>Purvarupa</em>, 12 as <em>Rupa</em>, 7 as <em>Upadrava</em>, 2 as <em>Ariṣhṭa</em>, and 29 instances categorized under miscellaneous references. <strong>Discussion:</strong> The therapeutic approach to <em>Pandu Roga</em> must be individualized and rooted in a comprehensive understanding of its <em>Samprapti</em>. The selection of treatment modalities should be based on the underlying aetiology. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Each symptom has its own specific <em>Samprapti</em>. Different symptoms can arise from various mechanisms. To effectively address <em>Pandu</em>, it is crucial to evaluate the causative factors and pathogenesis and plan the treatment accordingly<em>.</em></p> Rajput Rajendrasinh Darshna Pandya Karan Surati Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2025-07-07 2025-07-07 81 88 10.47070/ijapr.v13i6.3725 Krishna’s® She Care Ayurvedic Juice: A Literature-Based Review of its Polyherbal Approach to Women’s Hormonal Balance http://ijaprs.com/index.php/ijapr/article/view/3721 <p>Krishna’s<sup>®</sup> She Care Juice is a polyherbal preparation that is intended to promote women's reproductive health, especially in the management of conditions such as Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), irregular menstrual cycles, dysmenorrhea, and other gynecological disorders. This review summarizes the existing scientific and clinical literature regarding the major herbal constituents of the product i.e., <em>Saraca asoca, Berberis aristata, Zingiber officinale</em>, and Triphala emphasizing their unique roles in modifying hormonal equilibrium, anti-inflammatory actions, uterine health promotion, and enhancing metabolic indices. Clinical trials of <em>S. asoca</em> establish its effectiveness in curtailing menstrual bleeding and dysmenorrhea. <em>B. aristata</em> demonstrated insulin-sensitizing activity, useful in the management of PCOS, while <em>Z. officinale</em> has evidence based on randomized controlled trials for its analgesic and hormone-modulating action. Triphala, exhibiting antioxidant and adaptogenic activities, proved useful in the control of menstrual disorders, Premenstrual syndrome (PMS), and endometriosis. While encouraging evidence exists for each of these individual herbs, a major gap still exists in direct clinical evidence comparing the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of the combination formulation as it occurs in Krishna’s<sup>®</sup> She Care Juice. This serves to underscore the imperative need for pre-clinical mechanistic studies and rigorously designed clinical trials to establish its therapeutic merits, refine dosing regimens, and define safety profiles. The novel traditional application and corroborative findings on its components render Krishna’s<sup>®</sup> She Care Juice an interesting subject for future investigation, with the potential to become a standardized, evidence-based Ayurvedic treatment for women's health<em>.</em></p> Shrawan Daga Pradeep Shrivastava Divya Sharma Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2025-07-07 2025-07-07 89 100 10.47070/ijapr.v13i6.3721 Significance and Utility of Raktashali (Red Rice) in Ayurveda - A Narrative Review http://ijaprs.com/index.php/ijapr/article/view/3707 <p><em>Raktashali</em>, or red rice, recognized for its distinctive red bran and unrefined nature, holds a place of prominence in Ayurveda for its nutritional richness and therapeutic potential. Ancient Ayurvedic scriptures- including the <em>Charaka Samhita</em>, <em>Sushruta Samhita</em>, <em>Ashtanga Hridaya</em>, and <em>Bhavaprakasha Nighantu</em> repeatedly affirm <em>Raktashali’s</em> ability to harmonize the <em>Tridoshas Vata, Pitta, </em>and<em> Kapha</em>. It is described as having a sweet taste (<em>Madhura rasa</em>), cooling energy (<em>Shita virya</em>), light digestive quality (<em>Laghu</em>), and nourishing effect (<em>Pushtiprada</em>), making it especially beneficial in conditions such as fever, inflammation, ulcers, and overall physical debility. Ayurveda regards food as fundamental to health, and <em>Raktashali</em> is classified as <em>Nitya Sevaniya Ahara</em>, a food suitable for daily consumption owing to its role in tissue nourishment, digestive support, and immune modulation. Its applications are extensive: it plays a vital role in <em>Samsarjana Krama</em>, the graduated dietary regimen following <em>Panchakarma </em>therapies; it is recommended during monsoon (<em>Varsha Ritu</em>) to rekindle digestive strength (<em>Agni</em>); and it serves as a traditional staple in regions like Coastal Karnataka and Kerala. Modern nutritional science corroborates these benefits, identifying high levels of antioxidants, flavonoids, iron, and zinc, along with a low glycemic index that supports heart health, reduces inflammation, and aids in glycemic control. Additionally, its bran is rich in bioactive compounds, such as tocopherols, tocotrienols, and catechins- known for liver-protective and anticancer properties. By synthesizing ancient Ayurvedic wisdom with current scientific evidence, this review underscores <em>Raktashali’s</em> role as a versatile functional grain suitable for both therapeutic use and everyday nutrition in preventive and integrative healthcare models<em>.</em></p> Pragati V Kotur Geeta G Gadad Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2025-07-07 2025-07-07 101 107 10.47070/ijapr.v13i6.3707 Human Gut Microbiome in Health and Disease-An Ayurvedic Perspective http://ijaprs.com/index.php/ijapr/article/view/3672 <p>The human gut microbiome refers to the complex collection of trillions of microorganisms residing in the gastrointestinal tract, which play a crucial role in homeostasis and disease. Over the past few years, our understanding of the microbiome has evolved significantly, highlighting its impact on a wide range of physiological and pathological processes. This emerging knowledge has transformed health sciences, revealing the gut microbiome’s essential role in maintaining metabolic, immune and neurological health. In this context, Ayurveda, a traditional system of medicine originating in India, has long emphasized the importance of gut health. Ayurveda’s integrative approach of dietary guidelines, lifestyle modifications, treatments, and practices aimed at restoring balance within the body. The "<em>Agni</em>" (digestive fire) in Ayurvedic terms, is considered a central element of health. Ayurveda teaches that proper digestion is essential not only for physical well-being but also for mental clarity and emotional stability. Ayurveda offers supportive view into modern microbiome science by focusing on the balance of bodily humours (<em>Doshas</em>) and recommending specific herbs, probiotics, and prebiotics that can support gut health. In-depth analysis of Ayurvedic concepts and practices in line with the theory of microbiome proves that they are aimed at maintaining a balanced gut flora. As microbiome research continues to evolve, Ayurveda's emphasis on individualized care, nurturing the gut microbiome and enhancing overall health<em>.</em></p> Ranjana Janardhanan T P M Madhu Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2025-07-07 2025-07-07 108 111 10.47070/ijapr.v13i6.3672 A Comprehensive Analysis of Anger from the Perspective of Ancient Indian Literatures, Ayurveda and Western Psychology http://ijaprs.com/index.php/ijapr/article/view/3676 <p>Different Indian literatures have discussed the genesis of anger along with its different negative impact with approaches to overcome it, among which <em>Ramayana, Mahabharata</em> and <em>Bhagavad Gita</em> are principal ones. Apart from them various other texts like <em>Patanjali’s Yoga Sutras</em>, <em>Manusmriti, Chanakya Niti Darpana</em> etc. also have discussed the various aspect of anger. Likewise principal Ayurvedic texts like <em>Charaka Samhita</em> and <em>Sushruta Samhita</em> also addressed this topic and discussed thoroughly about its genesis, character, assessment and its role in causation of diseases. Likewise, in recent times many modern psychologists also have investigated anger as a global social problem and threw light on its physiological and cognitive aspects. <strong>Discussions:</strong> <em>Patanjali’s Yoga Sutra</em> viewed anger as one of the <em>Chitta Vritti</em>s as well as among <em>Pancha Klesha</em>. <em>Patanjali</em> advised to overcome anger by habituating the mind into contrary ideas. <em>Manusmriti</em> viewed anger as a negative emotion which has lots of repulsion in human’s social and personal life. Likewise, other texts on morality and ethics like <em>Chanakya Niti Darpana, Panchatantram, Hitopadesha</em> etc. have similarly analysed anger and its negative impact. Primarily <em>Charaka Samhita</em> and <em>Sushruta Samhita</em> also described anger as product of vitiation of <em>Pitta Dosha</em> as well as <em>Raja - Tama Dosha</em>. In addition, <em>Charaka Samhita</em> also discussed the method of assessment of anger, its anthropological genesis in <em>Kali Yuga</em>, its importance as forbidden object in various compromised conditions. They have discovered new facts like role of amygdala in provocation of anger. Based on all these findings, the present authors have chalked out some fundamental approaches of anger management from the perspective of ancient <em>Vedic</em> tradition, Ayurveda as well as modern psychology. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> The present study is a novel approach in discussing anger with all its psychopathology, impact on personal and social life as well as its management in a comprehensive manner showing the perspectives of age-old Indian literatures, various texts of Ayurveda as well as modern psychology<em>.</em></p> Soumyadip Saha Sukalyan Ray Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2025-07-07 2025-07-07 112 128 10.47070/ijapr.v13i6.3676 Incompatible Foods and Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Children: A Review of the Evidence http://ijaprs.com/index.php/ijapr/article/view/3609 <p>Neurodevelopmental disorders such as Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD), autism and anxiety are becoming more common in India, posing a significant economic and social burden on the country. Despite extensive research the exact causes of ADHD and autism remain unclear. Both conditions are multifactorial involving genetic, environmental and biological factors. Poor diet being a significant contributing factor for the increasing prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders. <strong>Objective:</strong> Investigate the relationship between diet and neurodevelopmental disorders like ADHD and autism, and explore Ayurvedic principles in understanding this relationship. Data source extensive research on neurodevelopmental disorders, Ayurvedic texts, and modern scientific studies on diet's impact on brain development and function. Review methods comprehensive review of existing research on neurodevelopmental disorders, Ayurvedic principles, and diet's impact on brain health, considering modern food consumption patterns. <strong>Result:</strong> Poor diet is a significant contributing factor to neurodevelopmental disorders. Consuming preserved foods, high sugar, and unhealthy fats leads to inflammation, oxidative stress, and disruption of the gut-brain axis. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Ayurvedic principles provide valuable insights into the relationship between diet and neurodevelopmental disorders. Identifying new food incompatibilities relevant to modern food consumption patterns may help develop dietary interventions to prevent or manage these disorders<em>.</em></p> Vaibhav Jaisawal Anju K. L Aakanksha Jaiswal Suraj Ramchandra Yadav Kumar Singh Rajput Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2025-07-08 2025-07-08 129 136 10.47070/ijapr.v13i6.3609 Asphaltum Punjabianum (Shilajit): Unraveling Myths with Scientific Evidence http://ijaprs.com/index.php/ijapr/article/view/3756 <p><em>Shilajit</em> is a mineral-rich resin that has a long history of use as a rejuvenator (<em>Rasayana</em>) in Ayurvedic medicine to treat various ailments such as arthritis, infertility, and cognitive decline. Although it is becoming increasingly popular, with more scientific validations, many myths still surround its actual clinical potential. This review directly debunks several persistent myths about <em>Shilajit</em> based on a critical evidence-based analysis. Among the key myths addressed is the notion that only men should take <em>Shilajit</em>, that it is solely a sexual health enhancer, that it works acutely, and that its supplements can be contaminated, rendering them inherently unsafe or unnatural. According to scientific sources, <em>Shilajit</em> is beneficial for both men and women, and it has been proven to contribute to bone health, metabolic processes, antioxidation, and cognitive enhancement. Rather than acting as an acute stimulant, <em>Shilajit</em> functions more as a slow-acting adaptogen that must be taken continuously over several weeks to produce observable physiological adaptations. It is also well-tolerated even in very high doses, as indicated by its toxicological and clinical safety data, provided it is purified. The concerns regarding contamination are addressed through purification, with the majority of certified products meeting global safety standards. Secondary myths, including the belief that <em>Shilajit</em> causes constipation, is inadvisable to use in summer, or leads to kidney stones, are also disproven by clinical and preclinical evidence. Ultimately, one can conclude that <em>Shilajit</em> is an effective and safe multilateral nutraceutical with diverse therapeutic potential. This review advocates for its incorporation into modern healthcare through science-based, myth-busting integration and challenges clinicians to base their recommendations on usage grounded in empirical evidence and quality assurance<em>.</em></p> Ashif Iqubal Sayed Abdur Rehman Nausheen Khan Abdul Qadir Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2025-07-07 2025-07-07 137 145 10.47070/ijapr.v13i6.3756